• Loss of virulence in ACL mutants

  2024-05-28

  

  Loss of virulence in ACL mutants may be caused by defect in vegetative growth and conidial germination, and reduced trichothecene production. However, supplement of potassium acetate restored the defects in germination rate and vegetative growth, but not virulence in wheat heads (Table 2, Fig. 2B),

• The apoptosis promoting Bcl family includes BH only

  2024-05-28

  

  The apoptosis-promoting Bcl-2 family includes BH3-only proteins (e.g., Bim, Bid and Bad) and multiple-domain proteins (e.g., Bax and Bak). At the time of apoptosis stimulation (e.g., DNA damage), only the BH3-only protein is activated, directly or indirectly promoting Bax/Bak oligomerization, changi

• Two major categories of arginase inhibitors have been

  2024-05-27

  

  Two major categories of arginase inhibitors have been distinguished (Fig. 3): the first category comprises synthetic arginase inhibitors, which have been developed from the substrate l-arginine [35]; and the second category includes inhibitors derived from natural products [36]. The category of synt

• br Conclusions br Acknowledgements We would like to

  2024-05-27

  

  Conclusions Acknowledgements We would like to thank the members of the Bergmann lab for fruitful discussions in the course of this work. This work was supported by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) under award number R35 GM118330. The content is solely the responsibili

• To further address the mechanism of Didox s suppressive

  2024-05-27

  

  To further address the mechanism of Didox’s suppressive effects on mast cell activation, FceRI receptor 873 and downstream transcription factor induction were assessed. We found that Didox had no effect on FceRI surface expression, and thus concluded that Didox effects must be occurring downstream o

• Based on our findings in this

  2024-05-27

  

  Based on our findings in this work as well as the previous published data in the experimental mice model of RSV infection, we suggest that modulation of 12/15 LOX expression and/or blocking of LOX products such as 12(S)-HETE may represent potential pharmacological approaches to prevent or treat vira

• Pregnane X receptor PXR is a nuclear receptor that plays

  2024-05-27

  

  Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a nuclear receptor that plays an important role in regulation of metabolism and disposition of structurally diverse xenobiotics as well as endogenous steroids and bile acids (Bertilsson et al., 1998, Kliewer et al., 1998, Lehmann et al., 1998). PXR regulates the metaboli

• Further examination of these vmat IR

  2024-05-27

  

  Further examination of these vmat-IR cells shows that they are also positive for vimentin (vim-IR) (Fig. 3A). However, within any one cell there may be a region of weaker vmat-IR, suggesting sub-cellular localization. As also shown in Fig. 3B and C not all vim-IR cells are vmat-IR suggesting that th

• The literature suggests that adiponectin

  2024-05-27

  

  The literature suggests that adiponectin has a steroidogenic effect on ovarian function. In pigs, in vitro studies have shown that adiponectin reduced basal testosterone secretion in internal theca cells; in granulosa cells, it increased secretion of estradiol and, in combination with insulin, incre

• The central problem in amnesia developing following

  2024-05-27

  

  The central problem in amnesia developing following impairment of long-term memory consolidation or reconsolidation is a question of the underlying mechanisms, whether it is caused by impairment of retrieval or memory storage mechanisms [3,8,9,[15], [16], [17], [18]]. To answer this question, severa

• Endogenous adenosine systems have largely been implicated

  2024-05-27

  

  Endogenous adenosine systems have largely been implicated in drug actions by the demonstration that caffeine (non-selective A1R and A2AR antagonist) (see Section The issue of caffeine), in doses up to 7.5–10mg/kg, inhibits antinociception, and when this occurs, it CAY10603 is generally also seen wit

• With the treatment options available today including a combi

  2024-05-27

  

  With the treatment options available today including a combination of symptomatic treatments and general immunosuppression, many MG patients can lead productive lives [1], [4], [20]. The frequency of death has decreased due to improved management and detection of milder cases. At present, the overal

• Another open question is whether GABA and ACh are

  2024-05-27

  

  Another open question is whether GABA and ACh are released from the same synaptic vesicles, or even the same presynaptic terminals. Multi-transmitter neurons may either function through co-release, in which multiple neurotransmitters are packaged into the same presynaptic terminal and are therefore

• In the mammalian brain synapse

  2024-05-25

  

  In the mammalian brain, synapse formation is followed by a period of synapse refinement, and autophagy has been shown to play an important role in this process. For example, Tang and colleagues found that autophagy is required for the developmental pruning of dendritic spines, and that this pruning

• Jesus et al discovered a new series

  2024-05-25

  

  Jesus et al. discovered a new series of azaindole as Aurora inhibitors through various modification of GSK1070916 (47). They synthesized series from modification of the GSK1070916 and evaluated for in-vitro Aurora-B/INCENP and Aurora-A/TPX2 inhibition assays. Modified 4-DAMP 48 and 49 showed IC50 v

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